You can copy and print this without my consent, since Torah belongs to all of us.....
See my previous Daf Yoimie Snippets ....
דף ס''ה .. כישורי דין בסנהדרין
Page 65 Mesectas Menachois
"Skills That Members Of The Sanhedrin Must Have "
Not every one could qualify to be on the Sanhedrin....
To be on the Sanhedrin, besides being a Talmud Chachum with outstanding knowledge of the entire Torah, the candidate had to have knowledge of Medicine, Mathematics, had to be fluent in many languages, had to have knowledge of astronomy etc., so that he would be familiar in anything and everything that he had to Judge.
Press "read more" below to continue to the rest of the dafim!
To be on the Sanhedrin, besides being a Talmud Chachum with outstanding knowledge of the entire Torah, the candidate had to have knowledge of Medicine, Mathematics, had to be fluent in many languages, had to have knowledge of astronomy etc., so that he would be familiar in anything and everything that he had to Judge.
Press "read more" below to continue to the rest of the dafim!
דף ס"ו ... מנחה העומר
Page 66 Mesectas Menachois
"The Mincha Omer"
On the second day of Pesach, the Kohanim would offer up the Minchas Omer that was made from barley.
The Mishna on this daf describes the preparation of the Omar to be offered.
They would cut the sheaves of barley and bring it in to the Azarah (courtyard) of the Temple. In the Azara, they beat the sheaves so that only the best of the barley crop remained, they would then throw it up in the air so that the sheaves that covered the barley would fly off.
They would then take the barley and place it into a copper pipe that was perforated like a sieve called an "Abub, " and put it over a fire so that the barley in the pipe became toasty.
After the barley was toasted and threshed, they would spread it out in the courtyard and the wind would blow on it to dry up any moisture the kernels may have emitted when in the pipe.
The next procedure as outlined in the mishna was that they placed these kernels in a bean mill to extract from it an issaron of fine flour......but this was only after the flour had been sifted with 13 sieves.
And now you had your Omer!
The Mishna on this daf describes the preparation of the Omar to be offered.
They would cut the sheaves of barley and bring it in to the Azarah (courtyard) of the Temple. In the Azara, they beat the sheaves so that only the best of the barley crop remained, they would then throw it up in the air so that the sheaves that covered the barley would fly off.
They would then take the barley and place it into a copper pipe that was perforated like a sieve called an "Abub, " and put it over a fire so that the barley in the pipe became toasty.
After the barley was toasted and threshed, they would spread it out in the courtyard and the wind would blow on it to dry up any moisture the kernels may have emitted when in the pipe.
The next procedure as outlined in the mishna was that they placed these kernels in a bean mill to extract from it an issaron of fine flour......but this was only after the flour had been sifted with 13 sieves.
And now you had your Omer!
דף ס''ז .... איסור חדש
Page 67 Mesectas Menachois
"The Prohibition of Chadash"
There is a Biblical prohibition of eating "newly" grown grain, until the Omer Mincha was offered in the Temple .....
This prohibition is known as "איסור חדש" The prohibition of eating Chadash!
The Talmud on this daf relates that immediately after the Omer was offered up on the alter, the streets of Yerushelayim were already filled with flour made from the new crop.
In other words the farmers in anticipation of the Omer being offered on the second day of Pesach, already manufactured the flour previously so that when the Omer was offered they would be able to immediately sell it or bake it to make food items.
There is however a dispute among the Rabbis if this practice was in fact with the consent of the Rabbis.
R' Meir says that the Chazal were not happy with this practice that the flour from the new crop should be so quickly available to the masses immediately after the offering of the Omer, because in order to have it ready the flour, the new crop would have had to be prepared way before the holiday of Pesach commenced, when the new crop was prohibited for consumption. The Rabbis were worried that the farmers may inadvertently eat from the new crop and would then violate the Biblical prohibition of eating from the new crop before the offering.
R' Yehuda however, disagrees, and he said that Chazal were ok with this practice and they weren't worried that the farmers may mistakenly eat from Chadash, the new product.
This prohibition is known as "איסור חדש" The prohibition of eating Chadash!
The Talmud on this daf relates that immediately after the Omer was offered up on the alter, the streets of Yerushelayim were already filled with flour made from the new crop.
In other words the farmers in anticipation of the Omer being offered on the second day of Pesach, already manufactured the flour previously so that when the Omer was offered they would be able to immediately sell it or bake it to make food items.
There is however a dispute among the Rabbis if this practice was in fact with the consent of the Rabbis.
R' Meir says that the Chazal were not happy with this practice that the flour from the new crop should be so quickly available to the masses immediately after the offering of the Omer, because in order to have it ready the flour, the new crop would have had to be prepared way before the holiday of Pesach commenced, when the new crop was prohibited for consumption. The Rabbis were worried that the farmers may inadvertently eat from the new crop and would then violate the Biblical prohibition of eating from the new crop before the offering.
R' Yehuda however, disagrees, and he said that Chazal were ok with this practice and they weren't worried that the farmers may mistakenly eat from Chadash, the new product.
דף ס''ח ...... תקנת רבן יוחנן בן זכאי
Page 68 Mesectas Menachois
" The Enactments of Raban Yochanan ben Zakai"
The Talmud on this daf discusses the timing of when it was permitted to start eating from the new crop חדש.
We already discussed previously that the new crop was prohibited from consumption until after the Omer was offered on the alter on the 16th of Nissan on the second day of Pesach!
Rabban Yochanan ben Zakai who lived during the destruction of the second Temple, instituted many enactments and among those he instituted was the following rule.
Rav and Shmuel stated that since the Temple was destroyed there would be no Omer offering and therefore one could eat from the new crop early in the morning of the 16th of Nissan .. since there was nothing to wait for.
Rabban Yochanan, however instituted that the Omer could not be eaten on the morning of the 16th as the Mishna and Rav & Shmuel ruled, but could only be eaten at the end of the 16th day.
Why?
R' Yochanan was worried that if we allowed people to eat from the new crop on the morning of the 16th, then people would forget that the reason was because there was no Temple and therefore no Omer offering, he was concerned that when Mashiach comes and the Bais Hamikdash would be rebuilt, people would continue eating in the morning, way before the Omer offering, forgetting the reason that it was permitted to eat in the morning was because we had no Bais Hamikdash and wouldn't remember that now that we have our Temple back we must wait until the Omar offering!
We already discussed previously that the new crop was prohibited from consumption until after the Omer was offered on the alter on the 16th of Nissan on the second day of Pesach!
Rabban Yochanan ben Zakai who lived during the destruction of the second Temple, instituted many enactments and among those he instituted was the following rule.
Rav and Shmuel stated that since the Temple was destroyed there would be no Omer offering and therefore one could eat from the new crop early in the morning of the 16th of Nissan .. since there was nothing to wait for.
Rabban Yochanan, however instituted that the Omer could not be eaten on the morning of the 16th as the Mishna and Rav & Shmuel ruled, but could only be eaten at the end of the 16th day.
Why?
R' Yochanan was worried that if we allowed people to eat from the new crop on the morning of the 16th, then people would forget that the reason was because there was no Temple and therefore no Omer offering, he was concerned that when Mashiach comes and the Bais Hamikdash would be rebuilt, people would continue eating in the morning, way before the Omer offering, forgetting the reason that it was permitted to eat in the morning was because we had no Bais Hamikdash and wouldn't remember that now that we have our Temple back we must wait until the Omar offering!
דף ס''ט ..... גשם של חיטים
Page 69 Mesectas Menachois
"When it rains wheat"
The verse concerning the Shtei Halechem (two loaves of bread used on Shevuois) states:
From your dwelling places you shall bring .... two loaves (Leviticus 23:17) ..
A Baraisa 83b derives from this that the wheat used in the Shtei Halechem cannot come from outside Israel.
The Talmud writes that R' Zeirah asked if we could use wheat that the rains brought in??
How did that happen?
Rashi explains that the clouds took water from the ocean, and swept up a ship full of wheat. When the clouds passed over land, the airborne wheat fell to the ground together with the rain.
Artscroll explains that Rashi was talking about a tornado in which large amounts of water are sucked from the sea into the clouds...
Tosfois has a different explanation and says that R' Zeira's question was .. hypothetical ... Can we use wheat that fell from the sky that happened miraculously?
So now the question of R' Zeira is ... can we use that wheat, event though the wheat did not originate in Israel?
According to Rash's understanding of how it rained wheat, one can say that we would have to investigate where the wheat originated and if we find out that the boat contained wheat from out of Israel's boarders it would be prohibited...
If you want to learn Toisfois version that it was miraculous ... the question now is can wheat be used even if it miraculously fell from the skies in Israel?
The verse in Leviticus explicitly says "From your dwelling places" which would mean that it must come from where" you dwell" and as of now, no one dwells in the sky!
From your dwelling places you shall bring .... two loaves (Leviticus 23:17) ..
A Baraisa 83b derives from this that the wheat used in the Shtei Halechem cannot come from outside Israel.
The Talmud writes that R' Zeirah asked if we could use wheat that the rains brought in??
How did that happen?
Rashi explains that the clouds took water from the ocean, and swept up a ship full of wheat. When the clouds passed over land, the airborne wheat fell to the ground together with the rain.
Artscroll explains that Rashi was talking about a tornado in which large amounts of water are sucked from the sea into the clouds...
Tosfois has a different explanation and says that R' Zeira's question was .. hypothetical ... Can we use wheat that fell from the sky that happened miraculously?
So now the question of R' Zeira is ... can we use that wheat, event though the wheat did not originate in Israel?
According to Rash's understanding of how it rained wheat, one can say that we would have to investigate where the wheat originated and if we find out that the boat contained wheat from out of Israel's boarders it would be prohibited...
If you want to learn Toisfois version that it was miraculous ... the question now is can wheat be used even if it miraculously fell from the skies in Israel?
The verse in Leviticus explicitly says "From your dwelling places" which would mean that it must come from where" you dwell" and as of now, no one dwells in the sky!
"דף ע' ....... ''הפרשת חלה
Page 70 Mesectas Menachois
"Separation of Challah"
The Torah commands that if one makes dough, one must separate some of the dough and give it to the Kohein.
This dough that was given to the Kohein is what we call "Challah."
Question: Does the requirement of separating Challah apply to all types of dough?
The Talmud states that only from the following 5 grains is there a requirement of separating Challah.
1. Wheat
2. Barley
3. Spelt
4. Oats
5. Rye
There is no mitzvah to separate challah from dough made from rice or legumes.
Bottom line: You need a kilo of flour for the requirement of Challah to kick in, and you should separate 200 grams and burn it
(since we don't give it to the Kohein nowadays)....
"דף ע''א ....... ''אנשי יריחו
Page 71 Mesectas Menachois
"Residents of Jericho"
The Talmud on this daf tells the story of residents in the city of Jericho that went against the wishes of the Sages on 3 different occasions.
1. They would permit for personal use branches of carob and sycamore trees that belonged to the Temple treasury.
It is common agricultural practice to prune the branches of carob and sycamore trees every 7 years, for this causes new, thicker branches to grow in its place.
It happened that the early inhabitants of Jericho consecrated their carob and sycamore trees, just after the branches were pruned.
Eventually, when new branches grew, their descendants cut off these branches and derived personal benefit from them, notwithstanding the prohibition against deriving personal benefit from consecrated property.
The people of Jericho argued that their forefathers had consecrated the trunks of the tree only, from which the Temple treasury would fashion wooden beams. The branches, however, were never consecrated, and so were permitted for benefit.
Although these branches grew from consecrated property, the Jerichoans took the view that subsequent growth of consecrated property is not subject to the prohibition against deriving personal benefit.
The Sages argued that although benefiting from subsequent growths is not Biblically prohibited, it is prohibited by Rabbinic decree.
2. They gathered the fruits that fell off the trees on Shabbos and ate them.
This was against the wishes of the Sages as they prohibited the consumption of fruits that fell from trees on Shabbos. They were allowed to eat them at the end of Shabbos.
3. They left "peah" in fields that grew vegetables, for the poor.
The issue with this practice was that "peah" (part of the crop that the farmer leaves for the poor) is only required in fields growing GRAINS ... not vegetables ...(vegetables are exempt from "peah" because they are perishable)
Now ..... poor people are exempt from tithing from the "grain peah."
But they must tithe from Vegetables given to them ...
If the Jericho residents left "peah" on the vegetable fields (which wasn't technically "peah") the poor would get confused and not make the distinction between the exemption of the grain and the requirement for the vegetables, so the poor would now eat food without tithing which is a prohibition .... the prohibition of eating food that wasn't tithed .
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