A great opportunity for the entire family, to share some thoughts on the daf ... the family feels united by discussing what the head of the house is studying.
I try to break it down so that everyone can understand it ....
I try to break it down so that everyone can understand it ....
You can copy and print this without my consent, since Torah belongs to all of us.....
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צארטל בת אסתר מלכה
''דף ס' ''שתי בהמות יחד
Page 60 Mesectas Bechoros
''Two Animals Together "
Is it possible for someone to set aside a pair of animals as Ma'aser simultaneously?
On this daf, Rabbi Yochanan says that if a person leads cattle out of an animal pen and two animals exit simultaneously, the person should continue to lead the animals in pairs.
The two animals exiting together as the tenth pair are both deemed sacred and consecrated as Ma'aser Beheimah.
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''דף ס''א ''ההבדל בין מעשר בהמה לבכור
Page 61 Mesectas Bechoros
''The Difference Between Ma'aser Behimah & Mitzvah of First Born Animal "
There are similarities between the Mitzvah of Ma'aser Beheimah, and that of Bechor Behimah.
Both mitzvot apply in all locations an at all times.
However, there is one fundamental difference between the two mitzvois:
A Bechor Behimah is sacred the moment it is born, while a Behimah Ma'aser does not become holy until after the owner sets it aside to fulfill the mitzvah.
For that reason, Chazal decreed that during the present time, following the destruction of the Bais Ha'mikdash, the mitzvah of Ma'aser Behimah should not be observed.
It is best that there are fewer sacred animals in existence, since it is impossible to offer those animals in absence of the Bais Ha'mikdash and we would like to avoid a mishap where the owner accidentally makes use of a consecrated animal.
הדרן עלך מסכת בכורות
מסכת ערכין
Mesactas Arachin
'דף ב' 'מסכת ערכין
Page 2 Mesectas Arachin
''Tractate Arachin"
Mesachtas Arachin contains 9 chapters spread over 33 dafim that deal with vows..... someone vowing the value of a person; dedication of items to the Bais Ha'mikdash; Cherem-Vows; and the selling of properties when the laws of the Jubilee or as its called in Hebrew "Yoivel" apply.
What precisely are "arachin?"
The Torah states that when an individual uses the formula:
"Erech ploni a'lai," "I vow to consecrate the value of so-and-so, on behalf of the Bais Ha'mikdash " or if he says:
"Erki alai" "I vow to consecrate the sum of my own value"
"Erki alai" "I vow to consecrate the sum of my own value"
that individual is obligated to pay 50 holy shekel to the Bais Ha'mikdash....
If the "ploni" referred to is 20-59 years old; and if the "ploni" mentioned is 60 years or older, the individual who vowed, is obligated to pay 15 holy shekel to the Bais Ha'mikdash.
The consecrated money must be brought to the treasurer of the Bais Hamikdash."
The consecrated money must be brought to the treasurer of the Bais Hamikdash."
The very first mishna in this mesactes teaches that "Ha'kol Ma'a'reechin" all people are fit to make a valuation, meaning, that even a minor, at age 12, who understands the meaning of a vow he has made, can be obligated to pay arachin to the Bais Ha'mikdash.
'דף ג' 'הכל חיבים בתפילין
Page 3 Mesectas Arachin
''All Are Obligated in the Mitzvah of Tefillin"
On this Daf, the Talmud relates a bareisah, a Tannaitic teaching that was excluded from our Mishna, which states:
"All are obligated in the Mitzvah of Tefillin, Kohanim, Lev'im and Yisraelim."
The chiddush or novel idea, in this bareisah, is with regard to kohanim.
The kohanim were prohibited from putting on tefillin shel yad (the tefillin wrapped around the hand) inside the Bais Ha'mikdash, because the kutonet, the priestly robe, had to be worn next to the skin, and if kohanim were to put on tefillin shel yad, it would come between their skin and the kutonet.
As such, we might have thought that kohanim would be exempt from putting on tefillin shel rosh, the tefillin one places on his head, as well, given their exemption from putting on tefillin shel yad.
For this reason the bareisah is needed to teach that ALL are obligated in the mitzvah of tefillin..... even kohanim in the Bais Ha'mikdash, who are unable to put on tefillin shel yad are nevertheless required to put on tefillin shel rosh.
Regarding to the mitznefes, the priestly turban, which was also required to sit directly on the head of the kohein without any intervening object, the Talmud explains that the mitznefes did not cover the entire head, and therefore, space remained clear for the tefillin shel rosh, to be worn as well.
"דף ד' "מגילת אסתר בבית המקדש
Page 4 Mesectas Arachin
''Megillas Esther in the Bais Ha'mikdash"
The Korban Tamid was offered early ever morning.
Once a year there was a mitzvah de'rabban, a rabbinic enactment, that had priority over the Korban Tamid in the sequence of the activities in the Bais Ha'mikdash!
With regard to the reading of Megillas Esther on Purim, we learn:
"Ha'kol chayavim be'mikra Megillah, kohanim leviim and yisraeilim."
The novel point of this bareisah is that when the time of reading the megillah coincides with the most desirable time to offer the korban tamid, all were obligated to leave their positions and go hear the reading of the Megillah first before offering the korban Tamid.
This ruling included the kohanim set to sacrifice the korban, the levi'im standing on the platform to recite the songs of praise, and the yisraeilim who came to be present to pray for the success of the sacrifice.
"דף ה' "נדר דמים ונדר ערך
Page 5 Mesectas Arachin
''Blood Vow & a Vow of Valuation"
What is the differnce between a "Neder Damim" and a "Neder Erech?"
A Neder Damim is a vow in which a person pledges to contribute money to the Bais Ha'mikdash based on the worth of a particular individual.
For example, if a person were to say:
"I vow to contribute the value of my neighbor, Avraham," that person is then obligated to donate the value of the neighbor to the Bais Ha'mikdash.
How is the value of an individual determined?
A court of 10 judges would investigate the worth of the individual in question, determining how much that person would fetch if he was offered on the slave market.
A Neder Erech is a vow in which a person pledges to contribute a specific sum of money to the Bais Ha'mikdash, based on the subject's value as determined in Parsahs Behar.
The Torah set forth fixed sums based on the age and gender of the designated individual.
These amounts of money remain fixed irrespective of whether the individual in question is healthy or sick.
"דף ו' "כסף להקדש בדק הבית
Page 6 Mesectas Arachin
''Items Consecrated to the Bais Ha'mikdash for its Maintenance"
Was it permissible to accept donations from a non-Jew for maintenance of the Bais Ha'mikdash?
One Bareisah actually states that it is indeed permissible to accept donations from a non-Jew for Bais Ha'mikdash's upkeep.
However, a second Bareisah, disagrees and states that donations from non-Jews were not accepted and it was prohibited to accept them.
Rabbi Yochanan explained:
At the start of the construction of the Bais Ha'mikdash, contributions were not accepted from non-Jews, though at a later phrase such donations were accepted.
Why the initial prohibition?
Such donations were prohibited because there was concern the contributions of certain non-Jews were not made to truly help the Jews, but rather, with the sinister intention of slowing down the construction of the Bais Ha'mikdash, which those non-Jews did not want to see built.
However, after the construction was finished, it was permissible to accept contributions from non-Jews for Temple upkeep, as is indicated in the first Bareisah.
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